Last updated April 2024

Best Online Cashback Casinos In Ireland 2024

Ramona Depares
Ramona Depares
Casino & Sportbooks Expert
  • Did you know that cashback bonuses give you a percentage of your losses back in real money – no wagering? 
  • Cashback bonuses are a great way to extend your gaming session and winning chances at online casinos – even when luck isn’t on your side! 
  • Get the scoop on the best cashback bonuses, where to find and use them to your best advantage.
  • Find the best online casinos with cashback bonuses in Ireland for 2024!
Cashback Casinos TLG

Categorising The Best Online Casinos With Cashback

100% up to €500 + 200 Free Spins
  • Withdrawal time: 0-2 days
  • Wagering limits: €0.05 - €10.000
  • Casino games: 7000+
Welcome pack: up to €500 + 225 Free Spins
  • Withdrawal time: 0-2 days
  • Wagering limits: €0.05 - €10.000
  • Casino games: 6000+
Daily cashback up to 20% + Raffle with prize pool of €2000
  • Withdrawal time: 0-3 days
  • Wagering limits: €0.05 - €7.500
  • Casino games: 5000+
Welcome offer: up to €500 + 150 Free Spins
  • Withdrawal time: 0-3 days
  • Wagering limits: €0.05 - €8000
  • Casino games: 5000+
100% up to €1000 + 150 FS
  • Withdrawal time: 0-3 days
  • Wagering limits: €0.05 - €7.500
  • Casino games: 5000+

We have carefully curated a list of the best online casinos in Ireland that offer cashback bonuses. Our selection is based on thorough research and analysis, considering factors such as the generosity of cashback rewards, transparency and fairness of bonus terms, payment options, support and service, along with most importantly the game selection. 

Here are our recommended online casinos with cashback bonuses categorised according to their most outstanding feature or experience to players.

Bingo Bonga🤑  Best Cashback Bonus Casino
Boomerang🌟 Best Crypto Casino With Cashback Bonuses
Skycrown💎 Best Cashback Loyalty Rewards
GreatWin🏇🏼 Top Casino And Sportsbetting Cashback
Goodman📱 Best Mobile Cashback Casino
N1 Casino🤑 Top Payouts With Cashback Bonuses Casino

Top 3 Online Casinos With Cashback For Irish Players 2024

Next, we have narrowed it down to the best 3 online casinos in Ireland that offer cashback bonuses, providing players with extra incentives, as they can recover some of their previous losses. We have listed the key details about the best cashback bonus casinos from results of our extensive testing by seasoned casino bonus hunters.

Bingo Bonga: Leading Cashback Bonus Casino 

Bingo Bonga Homepage
  • Secure Bingo Bonga’s daily cashback of up to 20% on any losses experienced while playing.
  • Discover varied games with highlights like Gates of Olympus and Razor Shark slots.
  • Mobile casino players can use a responsive web-browser app or download the dedicated Bingo Bonga casino app.
  • VIP members relish added benefits, ranging from extra bonuses to enhanced cashback.
Bingo Bonga Logo
Daily cashback up to 20% + Raffle with prize pool of €2000

Boomerang: Top Crypto Cashback Casino

Boomerang Homepage
  • Access 15% of up to €3000 weekly cashback and live cashback bonus of up to €200.
  • Dive into weekly tournaments and compete for the multi-million Drops & Wins jackpot.
  • Boomerang accepts various crypto payments, including Bitcoin and Ethereum.
  • With VIP status, increase your monthly withdrawals and enjoy augmented cashback rewards.
Boomerang Logo
100% up to €500 + 200 Free Spins

Skycrown: Best Cashback Loyalty Program

Skycrown Homepage
  • Skycrown loyalty rewards include cash prizes, reload bonuses and free spins.
  • Grab 10% crypto cashback on Thursdays and 10% live cashback on Wednesdays.
  • Huge game selection backed by comprehensive support via chat, email, and phone.
Skycrown Logo
Welcome pack: up to €500 + 225 Free Spins

Best Casinos With Online Cashback For Real Money Compared

After checking the highlights of our top online casinos in Ireland that offer cashback. We’re going to look at some key stats you should consider when deciding on a casino for you. 

We have compared the best casinos based on their cashback rewards, most popular slots, bet limits, and additional features so you can have an overview of them all, without lifting a finger.

CasinoCashback (Amount)Most Popular Slot (Top 1)RTP (Payout Rate)LimitsWelcome Bonus
Boomerang15% Weekly CashbackGates Of Hades95.05% €3,000Up to €500 + 200 Free Spins 
Bingo Bonga20% Daily CashbackGates Of Olympus93,80% Limitless
Skycrown10% Weekly CashbackBuffalo Trail94.94%  €1,000Up to €500 + 225 Free Spins
GreatWin15% Weekly CashbackBandidos Cash94.76% €3,000Up to €500 + 200 Free Spins
GoodmanElvis Frog Trueways93.98%Up to €500 + 150 Free Spins

What Is A Cashback Online Casino?

Rather than solely focusing on deposit-based bonuses, cashback bonuses provide you with a form of compensation for your losses during a specific time period or gaming session.

When you play at a cashback online casino, the casino will calculate your net losses over a predetermined time frame. They will then return a percentage of those losses to you as cashback – this cashback can be withdrawn as real money or used for further gameplay.

Essentially, cashback bonuses provide you with a safety net. But, It’s important to note that the specific percentage of cashback, eligible games, and any associated terms and conditions can vary between online casinos.

How Does Cashback Work At An Online Casino?

At an online casino, cashback operates by providing players with a percentage of their losses as a bonus. Here’s how it typically works:

The online casino specifies a cashback percentage, such as 5% or 10%. This percentage represents the portion of your net losses that will be returned to you as cashback.

The casino will have a set timeframe, such as a week or a month, during which your gameplay and losses determine the cashback amount.

Net losses are calculated by subtracting your total winnings from your bets during the specified period. If your total bets exceed your total winnings, resulting in a net loss, you become eligible for cashback.

Based on your net losses and the predetermined cashback percentage, you will be credited with the cashback amount. This cashback can be either real money or bonus funds – it depends on the casino’s terms.

You can then use the cashback funds for further gameplay or withdraw them, subject to applicable withdrawal requirements or limits.

Here’s an example to illustrate how a 10% cashback functions:

Bet/StakeWinningsLossCashback (Loss)Cashback (Stake)
€100€50€50€5€5
€150€100€50€5€15
€200€0€200€20€20

What Are Cashback Bonus Terms And Conditions?

Cashback bonuses mean getting money back on wagers you have previously lost in the online casino but they’re not always straightforward, and they may not always be of any benefit to you.

Different casino sites and mobile apps have specific rules, more commonly known referred to as terms and conditions, about how and when you earn this money. It is important to make yourself aware of all these things to check within the cashback bonus terms and conditions before opting in or accepting a cashback bonus. We have broken them down into bite-size chunks for you to absorb easily.  

Cashback Amount 

The cashback amount refers to the percentage or fixed value of losses that you can receive as cash given back to you, normally given as a credit to your casino bonus money account. For example, a cashback bonus may offer 10% cashback on losses incurred during a specific time. This means that for every €100 in losses, you would receive €10 as cashback. 

Maximum Payout 

Some cashback bonuses come with a maximum payout limit, the maximum amount of cashback that you can receive. This max payout is often in the terms and conditions. 

For instance, a cashback bonus may have a maximum payout limit of €100. Regardless of the losses incurred, you will only receive up to €100 as cashback. Be aware of this maximum payout to set realistic expectations.

Eligible Games 

Cashback bonuses may apply to specific games or a wide range of online casino games. The eligibility criteria for cashback can vary between casinos. Some casinos may limit cashback to specific slots, while others may include table or live casino games. 

Checking the terms and conditions will help determine which games are eligible for cashback. After choosing games strategically, you can maximise your chances of receiving cashback on your losses.

Wagering Contributions 

Wagering contributions refer to the percentage of bets that count towards meeting the cashback bonus requirements. Different games may contribute differently towards the wagering requirements. 

For example, slots may contribute 100%, while table games may contribute a lower percentage or even be excluded. It’s key to understand the wagering contributions for each game category. That way, you can effectively meet the requirements and optimise the cashback rewards.

Cashback Expiry

Cashback bonuses often have an expiry period, which is the timeframe you must claim or use your cashback. This expiration period can vary between casinos, typically from a few days to several weeks. 

If you fail to claim your cashback within the specified timeframe, the bonus may become void. Be aware of the cashback expiry to avoid missing out on the benefits.

Other Cashback Criteria 

When evaluating cashback bonuses, consider various additional factors that can influence your overall experience. Not all are equal, and there might be terms affecting your eligibility for a cashback bonus. 

When reviewing cashback bonuses, ask yourself the following questions:

  • Is there a minimum bet amount for cashback?
    You should always check what the minimum bet amount is to claim cashback – you wouldn’t want to spin the reels at 10 cents thinking you will be getting cashback only to find the minimum bet is 20 cents, which means you get nothing.
  • Can the cashback offer be combined with other bonuses?
    Normally you cannot claim cashback and use it in conjunction with other promotional offers, even if the online casino system lets you. Check the terms to make sure you don’t breach this or the online casino may confiscate both bonuses, plus any winnings!
  • Is cashback valid for playing all casino games?
    As with the minimum bet amount, you should check which games qualify for getting cashback on – there will always normally be some games that are excluded from the promotional offer.
  • Are there any restrictions on the player’s place of residence for cashback?
    Some cashback bonuses will limit which players can claim them due to their current residence. All the cashback online casinos we recommend accept and allow Irish players to claim cashback bonuses.
  • Is there a minimum deposit amount for the cashback?
    There will always be a deposit required to qualify for a cashback bonus – if you don’t deposit, you can’t lose and then get the cashback bonus. Some online casinos may increase this amount to be higher than the normal minimum deposit amount so always check.

How To Sign Up And Claim Cashback Bonuses At A Top Casino

You’ll be glad, signing up and claiming cashback bonuses at a top casino is straightforward. After following our few simple steps, you can create an account, and enjoy the benefits of cashback rewards.

Step 1: Create Account 

Bingo Bonga Registration

Visit Boomerang Casinos website and click on the Register button. Fill in the required information, such as your name, email address, and password. Follow the prompts to complete the registration process and verify your account.

Step 2: Deposit + Activate Welcome Bonus

Bingo Bonga Deposit

Log in to your newly created account and navigate to the Cashier section. Choose your preferred casino payment method and enter the necessary details. Select the desired deposit amount and follow the instructions to complete the transaction. If a welcome bonus is available, remember to activate it during the deposit process.

Step 3: Login To Your Account 

Once your deposit is confirmed, log in to your account using the credentials you provided during registration. This will grant you access to the gaming platform and various features.

Step 4: Receive Cashback 

Check the terms and conditions or the promotions page to determine how the cashback bonus is credited. It may be automatically applied to your account based on your gameplay or require a specific action, such as opting in or contacting customer support. For any questions or concerns, contact Boomerang Casino’s support team for assistance.

Step 5: Play

Bingo Bonga Games

With your cashback bonus in place, you can now explore the wide range of games offered. Use the bonus to play your favourite slots, table games, or live dealer games, knowing that some of your losses will be returned as cashback.

Bingo Bonga Logo
Daily cashback up to 20% + Raffle with prize pool of €2000

How Can I Withdraw My Winnings From Cashback?

To withdraw your winnings from a cashback bonus, you need to fulfil the wagering conditions specified by the casino. These conditions ensure fair gameplay and protect against bonus abuse. 

Here’s how you can wager the cashback bonus and unlock your winnings for withdrawal:

Start by carefully reviewing the terms and conditions associated with the cashback bonus. Pay close attention to the wagering requirements, which may specify the rollover amount. 

For example, if you receive a €50 cashback bonus with a 20x rollover requirement, you would need to wager a total amount equal to 20 times the bonus value.

So you meet wagering requirements, play eligible games and place bets using the bonus funds. Each bet you place contributes towards the wagering requirement. Keep track of your progress as you play and wager.

Once you have wagered the required amount per the terms, your winnings from the cashback bonus become eligible for withdrawal. You can proceed to make a withdrawal following the casino’s specified withdrawal methods and procedures.

Remember to consult the bonus terms and conditions for any additional requirements or restrictions that may apply to the withdrawal process.

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Cashback Bonus Offers

Cashback bonus offers provide both advantages and disadvantages for Irish players. If you understand these pros and cons, you can make informed decisions when deciding whether to take part in cashback promotions. 

Cashback Pros

  • Flexibility
  • Competitive Advantage
  • Incentive to Play
  • Player Satisfaction
  • Enhanced Value
  • Rewards for Losses

Cashback Cons

  • Wagering Requirements
  • Game Restrictions

Different Types Of Cashback Offers At Online Casinos

Different kinds of cashback offers can be found at Irish online casinos, giving you various options to suit your preferences. These may include daily, weekly, or monthly cashback bonuses, tiered cashback based on loyalty levels, or specific cashback promotions for certain games or periods.

Cashback For New Players

Cashback bonuses have emerged as an enticing option for new players in online casinos, providing an alternative to traditional deposit bonuses and free spins. 

Unlike deposit bonuses, cashback offers are favoured for their lenient conditions, making them particularly appealing to beginners and recreational players. Especially for those who may find it challenging to meet the high wagering requirements of other bonuses. 

However, thoroughly examine the bonus conditions before opting for a cashback offer. While some may promise a 100% cashback on the initial deposit, they often have slightly elevated wagering requirements.

Cashback For VIP

Cashback promotions in online casinos cater for existing players, particularly those VIP status holders. These offers are time-limited and can vary in duration, ranging from a few hours to a month. 

Usually, VIP players and high rollers are granted more favourable cashback rates, as a special reward for their loyalty and substantial gameplay. 

As you climb the ranks in the VIP program, the percentage of cashback you receive also increases proportionally, providing an added incentive for continued engagement. 

While some online casinos automatically enrol players into their VIP program based on their activity and deposit history, others may require a separate registration process to join and enjoy the exclusive benefits.

Instant Cashback

Instant cashback is a type of bonus that provides immediate rewards to you after each game round, eliminating the usual delay associated with cashback offers. In the event of a loss, the corresponding cashback bonus is instantly credited to your casino account, allowing immediate access to your bonus funds.

Unlike other cashback offers, which may have a weekly or monthly crediting schedule, instant cashback ensures you don’t have to wait for your rewards to be credited.

Keep in mind that instant cashback offers often apply only to specific individual games, limiting the scope of the bonus to those particular game titles.

Live Casino Cashback

Live Casino Cashback bonuses offer you access to a unique opportunity to receive a portion of your funds back, even in the event of losses while playing live blackjack or live dealer roulette in an online casino.

Unlike traditional deposit bonuses that often are exclusive to online slots, Live Casino Cashback bonuses cater specifically to live dealer games. These bonuses acknowledge your ability to influence the outcomes in live dealer games and offer a lower cashback amount as opposed to other bonus types. 

Typically, Live Casino Cashback bonuses hover around the 10% mark, providing you with a partial refund of the losses incurred during live gameplay.

Sportsbook Cashback

Sportsbook cashback promotions offer a unique opportunity for loyal betting customers to receive a percentage of their losses back. These promotions provide a consolation prize and incentivize continued engagement. 

Commonly, you’re informed that you will receive a refund ranging from 10% to 30% of your incurred losses on a specific day. The cashback amount is then credited to your account the following day, providing you with additional funds to boost your bankroll.


Differences Between Cashback And Normal Casino Bonuses

Cashback bonuses and traditional casino bonuses differ in several key aspects. Let’s explore the distinctions between the two.

Cashback bonuses provide a percentage of your losses back as a refund. In contrast, normal casino bonuses usually offer additional funds or free spins upon meeting specific deposit or wagering requirements.

One notable difference is how they are credited. Cashback bonuses are usually credited directly to your account after a specified period or event, such as daily or weekly. Normal casino bonuses, on the other hand, are often credited upon meeting certain conditions, such as making a qualifying deposit or using a bonus code.

The wagering requirements also vary. Cashback bonuses often have lower or more lenient wagering requirements, making them appealing to beginners and recreational players. Normal casino bonuses may have higher wagering requirements, requiring players to wager a certain amount before being eligible to withdraw their winnings.

In a nutshell, while cashback bonuses refund a percentage of losses, ordinary casino bonuses provide additional funds or free spins based on specific criteria. Cashback bonuses have more flexible terms and are credited differently, making them an attractive option for certain Irish players.

CriteriaCashbackClassic Bonus
Bonus conditionRefund a percentage of lossesAdditional funds or free spins upon meeting requirements
AvailabilityOffered to both new and existing playersOffered to new and existing players
Range of gamesCan be specific to certain games or apply to allCan be used on a wide range of games
Live Casino useMay apply to live casino gamesMay apply to live casino games, depending on terms
Protection from lossesProvides a refund of a portion of lossesProvides additional funds or free spins
Biggest advantageOffers a refund on losses, giving players a second chanceProvides extra funds or free spins, which can extend gameplay and increase winning chances
Biggest disadvantageLimited to refund a portion of losses, may have specific terms and conditionsHigher wagering requirements, which may make it harder to meet withdrawal criteria

Criteria For Finding The Best Cashback Bonus

If you’re searching for the most favourable cashback bonus, there are some crucial factors to think about. Consider the following criteria to find a cashback bonus that matches your preferences.

  1. What Online Casino Games Is The Cashback Valid For? 

    It depends. First, check for any restrictions on the games eligible for cashback. Each cashback promotion may have different rules regarding game eligibility. 
    Some promotions might apply to specific online slots, while others may include games such as table games or live casino games. Understanding the game restrictions will help determine if the cashback bonus aligns with your preferred gaming choices.

  2. Are The Bonus And Turnover Requirements Fair? 

    Well, evaluating the bonus and turnover requirements is essential to assess the fairness of a cashback bonus. Take the time to review the terms and conditions, particularly the wagering requirements. 
    A fair cashback bonus will have reasonable wagering requirements, allowing you to withdraw your winnings within a reasonable timeframe. Avoid bonuses with excessively high wagering requirements, as they may make it difficult to meet the withdrawal criteria.

  3. Will The Cashback Be Unlocked All Together Or In Batches?

    For starters, you’ll have to understand how the cashback will be credited to your account. Some cashback bonuses provide the refund in a lump sum, where the entire cashback amount is credited at once. 
    Others may distribute the cashback in batches or increments, which means you receive portions of the offer over a specific period. Consider your preference and convenience when evaluating whether the cashback being unlocked once or in batches suits your playing style.

  4. How Long Is The Cashback Valid For? 

    Cashback bonuses typically have a validity period, which determines the duration in which the cashback is active. Keep an eye out for this timeframe-That way you can claim and use the cashback within the specified period. 
    The validity period varies across promotions, ranging from 24 hours to several days or weeks. Knowing the duration of the cashback validity allows you to plan your gameplay accordingly.

  5. How Much Can You Win? 

    When considering a cashback bonus,  review the specific limits and maximum amounts that apply. Some cashback bonuses may have a cap on the maximum winnings you can receive. 
    It’s wise to understand these limits to determine if the potential cashback aligns with your desired level of rewards.

  6. Is A Bonus Code Necessary For Activation? 

    Most of the time, cashback bonuses do not require a bonus code for activation. However, check the specific terms and conditions of the promotion or confirm with the online casino. 
    Some promotions may have specific requirements or instructions, including bonus codes. Ensure you follow the instructions accurately to claim and activate the cashback bonus.

  7. Is The Operator A Trusted Casino? 

    Before engaging with any online casino offering a cashback bonus, it’s vital to check the operator is trusted and legitimate. Look for an online casino with a valid licence from a reputable gambling authority. 
    This shows that the operator adheres to strict regulations, provides fair gaming experiences, and protects your personal and financial information. Research the casino’s reputation, read reviews, and verify their licensing credentials to make an informed decision.


Why Do Casinos Offer Cashback And Why Is It So Popular?

Mobile casino sites and even mobile casino apps offer cashback bonuses intending to keep players engaged and satisfied. After providing a percentage of losses back as cashback, casinos create an appealing incentive for you to continue playing and feel valued for your loyalty.

Cashback bonuses act as a safety net, protecting you from the impact of losses. They offer a sense of security, allowing you to recover part of your funds and maintain a positive gaming experience, even in unlucky outcomes.

In addition to mitigating losses, cashback bonuses add value to your gameplay. After receiving a percentage of their losses back, you can extend your gaming sessions or explore new games and features within the casino.

Cashback bonuses also serve as an incentive for you to play longer. The opportunity to recoup some of your losses motivates you to continue gaming sessions, striving for better outcomes and immersing yourself further in the casino experience.

By offering cashback bonuses, casinos differentiate themselves in a competitive market. This distinct feature appeals to those who appreciate the chance to receive something back, showcasing the gambling site’s dedication to player satisfaction.

Cashback bonuses play a role in player engagement, loss protection, added value, encouraging longer play, and establishing a competitive edge for online casinos.

Do New Online Casinos Also Offer Cashback?

Yes, new online casinos often offer cashback as part of their promotional offerings. Cashback bonuses are a popular and effective strategy for attracting and retaining players. New online casinos understand the value of providing incentives to compete in the competitive iGaming market. 

When offering cashback, casinos can entice you by providing you with a portion of your losses back as a refund. Cashback bonuses can be appealing since they offer a second chance to recover some of your losses.

Therefore, It’s not uncommon to find new online casinos incorporating cashback promotions to attract and retain loyal players.

Top Tips For Playing With Cashback

When using a cashback bonus, strategies can increase your chances of meeting the wagering requirements. 

Consider the following top tips for playing with cashback:

Tip 1: Start With A Clear Strategy

Before utilising a cashback bonus, develop a clear strategy. Determine your goals, whether it’s maximising winnings or minimising losses. With a strategy in place, you can make more focused decisions on game selection, betting amounts, and when to cash out.

Tip 2: Time Your Deposits Strategically

Timing can be crucial when playing with cashback. Consider making your deposits during specific promotional periods or when the casino offers enhanced cashback rates. By taking advantage of these timing opportunities, you can potentially increase the cashback you receive.

Tip 3: Play Responsibly And Within Your Limits

While cashback can provide a safety net, always play responsibly and within your financial limits. Set a budget for your gambling activities and stick to it. Avoid chasing losses or increasing your wagers beyond what you’re comfortable with, as this can lead to potential financial risks.

Tip 4: Stay Informed About Promotions And Reload Bonuses

In addition to cashback bonuses, keep an eye out for other promotions and reload bonuses. These bonuses can provide additional opportunities to boost your bankroll. Regularly check the promotions page or subscribe to newsletters to stay informed and take advantage of these offers.

Tip 5: Review Your Cashback Usage History

Periodically review your cashback usage history to assess your overall performance and identify areas for improvement. Analyse your wins and losses, the effectiveness of your strategies, and the amount of cashback received. This self-evaluation will help you refine your approach, make adjustments if needed, and optimise your cashback utilisation for future gaming sessions.


Best Online Casinos With Cashback 2024: Our Conclusion

In essence, online casinos with cashback bonuses are a gem for Irish players wanting more bang for their buck. They reflect a casino’s genuine care for its players and offer a comforting buffer against losses.

Imagine playing your go-to games with the peace of mind that some losses might return to you. It’s like having a safety cushion, encouraging you to venture into new gaming territories.

After choosing cashback casinos, you can enjoy a more secure and immersive gambling journey. These platforms understand what players value, offering treats that make gaming more than just about winning.

So head over to one of our recommended cashback casinos today to grab a great welcome offer and nice cashback bonuses! 

Bingo Bonga Logo
Daily cashback up to 20% + Raffle with prize pool of €2000

FAQs: Best Cashback Online Casinos Ireland 2024

Are progressive jackpot slots eligible for cashback bonuses?

In general, progressive jackpot slots can be eligible for cashback bonuses. However, it’s crucial to carefully review the terms and conditions of the specific cashback offer. Reading this will determine if progressive jackpot slots are included, or if any game restrictions may apply.

Is it possible to withdraw my cashback winnings?

Yes, in most cases, you can keep your cashback winnings. Cashback bonuses are usually offered as real money or bonus funds that can be withdrawn or used for further gameplay, depending on the terms and conditions of the specific cashback offer.

Does playing with cashback offer the opportunity to win real money?

Sure! Playing with cashback does provide the chance to win real money. Cashback bonuses are often credited as real money or bonus funds, which can be used for gameplay and has the potential to generate actual winnings.

What is the potential cashback amount that I can receive?

The amount of cashback you can receive varies depending on the specific cashback offer. Cashback percentages typically range from a certain percentage of your losses, such as 10% or 20%. 

Although, the exact cashback amount will depend on the terms and conditions of the promotion or the online gambling website’s specific cashback policy.

Is it possible to receive both cashback and a welcome bonus from the same online casino?

More than often, you can receive both cashback and a welcome bonus from the same online casino. However, remember to review the terms and conditions of the specific promotions to ensure they can be combined.